A Briefing On External Hemorrhoids

There are a couple of types of external hemorrhoids: Type I external hemorrhoids stick out from the area around the outside of the anus. Type 2 external hemorrhoids are actually internal hemorrhoids that protrude outside the anus. This article is about external hemorrhoids, and would discuss both types.

The very first type of external hemorrhoid occurs outside the anal verge. The anal verge is the surface of the anus that is outside the sphincter when the anal muscle/valve is closed. The term hemorrhoid is defined in an anatomical sense as the tissue that forms the joint where the anus is attached to the rectum. This specific tissue is absolutely dense with arteries, veins, vessels and capillaries. If a person 'has hemorrhoids' the reference is to hemorrhoid tissue that is afflicted with varicose veins of some kind. Varicosity can manifest as twisted and/or enlarged and/or swollen veins inside the hemorrhoid tissue.

True external hemorrhoids (unlike interior hemorrhoids that are protruding outside through the anus) are rare and are sometimes not a hemorrhoid at all, but a misdiagnosed case of perianal hematoma. The perianal blood vessels are in fact under the dermis around the anus. In case these vessels are damaged they can bleed internally, creating bruising and inflammation. Painful as perianal hematoma can be, it is treated in a different manner when compared to hemorrhoids.

External hemorrhoids occur when the veins that drain the area of the lower rectal arteries become varicose. Internal hemorrhoids arise when the veins that drain the area of the upper rectal arteries become varicose. External hemorrhoids are prone to thrombosis, which means they cause blood clots in blood vessels. When a vein in the drainage area of the lower rectal arteries (they link to the pudental artery) ruptures or an inter-vessel blood clot grows, the hemorrhoid is categorized as a thrombosed hemorrhoid.

Hemorrhoid treatments exist for a wide variety of symptoms, from treatments that sooth minor itching to surgery under full anesthetic. For most people, hemorrhoids get no worse than a minor, occasional annoyance. Symptoms are mild and brief. The condition heals spontaneously or signs and symptoms are easily alleviated using local treatments which may include using a bidet or extendable shower head or a warm sitz bath to sooth the inflamed tissue, followed by a cold compress plus a topical analgesic.

External hemorrhoids with little lumps improve with warm baths. The warm water relaxes the vessels around the rectum. Use of medicated lotions have to be closely monitored if they have steroid preparations. Steroid preparations can weaken the skin, which could possibly be a factor to future outbreaks. With that caution given, however: used early in an outbreak, steroidal cremes are one of the most solid methods of reversing the course of a flare-up.

Remember that excessive washing or rubbing of the anus is not a cure and will aggravate the situation. So far as actually touching the area goes, it should be restricted to soaking, rinsing and the application of topical ointments and cremes.

A strangulated hemorrhoid is an interior hemorrhoid that has prolapsed (protruded out of the anus during defecation and will not spontaneously withdraw). The anus goes into spasm because it cannot at all close and ends up cutting off the oxygen supply to the hemorrhoid. These should be looked at by a doctor.

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